Mangement on Thomas cook Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Mangement on Thomas cook - Essay Example Under the authority of Harriet Green, Thomas Cook accomplished different changes that made it coordinate the current condition in the movement business. She actualized various sparing plans including the decrease of the quantity of workers and conclusion of some outflanking branches that assembled more certainty prompting an ascent in the offer costs of the organization. Be that as it may, Green neglected to keep up the exhibition of the organization as execution declined and shares dropped by around 20% in 2013. On her takeoff, 400,000,000 pounds found to be missing indicating trouble in business activities during her time (Goodley 2014). Also, there had been sees that Green needed skill in the activity of business in the movement business. He rose to the post of CEO in the November 2014 after a working in the association for around twelve years subsequent to participating in 2001. Prior before joining the organization, he had increased a lot of involvement with the movement business subsequent to working for Kuoni Travel restricted. In the tear 2003, he turned into the main item official and the CEO for the organization division in Germany. From June 2007, he was dealing with the activities of the organization in Continental Europe division. In the November 2012, he turned into the CEO for the United Kingdom and the Continental Europe Divisions (Thomas Cook Group 2014). He ascended to the post of the CEO of the organization in November 2013 and started changing the organization to make it the people’s choice of the considerable number of players in the movement business. The movement business is the greatest and quickest developing industry on the planet. The business is dynamic looked by the need of reacting rapidly to factors out of its control. In the couple of years prior, the expanded instances of fear based oppression on the planet, the expanded utilization of the web for booking flights and the expanded ecological mindfulness

Restrictive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As

Prohibitive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As Prohibitive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As Prohibitive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As By Mark Nichol The expression â€Å"such as† proves to be useful for alluding to particulars, yet whether it starts a more drawn out expression confined by a couple of commas relies upon whether that more drawn out expression is fundamental to the sentence or is given as extra yet unnecessary data. The accompanying sentences exhibit mistaken use or exclusion of accentuation with the expression; conversation and amendment show right use. 1. In conditions, for example, these, are our qualities and shortcomings uncovered. A couple of commas around â€Å"such as these† presumes that the expression is discretionary, however â€Å"In conditions are our qualities and shortcomings revealed,† however a legitimate proclamation, overlooks what's really important of the sentence, which is proposed to relate the notion to a specific situation, so the expression is basic and ought not be set off: â€Å"In conditions, for example, these are our qualities and shortcomings revealed.† 2. The utilization of the innovation permits organizations, for example, World Wide Wickets, to move subsidizes quicker, less expensive, and in an identifiable system. Outside of any relevant connection to the issue at hand, it may not be evident whether the enclosure is fundamental, yet when one acknowledges the suspicion that the organization has just been referenced, the expression appears to be strangely meddlesome when treated as an interposition, while its basic position in the announcement is regular: â€Å"The utilization of the innovation permits organizations, for example, World Wide Wickets to move subsidizes quicker, less expensive, and in an identifiable mechanism.† 3. Explicit representative data, for example, Social Security numbers and I-9 structures for business qualification must be moved as per law. The models given in this sentence are useful yet not basic, so the expression starting with â€Å"such as† and finishing before the action word state â€Å"must be transferred† ought to be dealt with incidentally. This sentence begins accurately yet fails to stop the bracket with a subsequent comma: â€Å"Specific representative data, for example, Social Security numbers and I-9 structures for work qualification, must be moved as per law.† (The sentence is likewise right without inward accentuation.) Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Style class, check our mainstream posts, or pick a related post below:Passed versus Past45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†The Difference Between Shade and Shadow

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HERE LIES P/NR The alarming rate at which the semester flew by shocked me, and I had to sit down and recap: August holds sad memories, saying goodbye, and the heady ecstasy of MIT materializing out of an abstract dream into a dome-shaped reality in the smoldering heat of the summer. September holds my traumatic adjustment phase. Determination to push myself further than ever before, in the form of taking five classes in my first semester, to ‘hit the ground running.’ The painful struggle to get through the coursework, the realization that I had to drop a class, and the good sense to drop the right one. The feeling of failure that comes when you’re used to being an over-achiever, and MIT becomes the first place you can’t get exactly what you want. October? I have no idea what happened in October. That’s how fast it went. November. I looked up from my p-sets, exams and papers to realise that I actually had a life now. I had somehow found my niche and was growing more comfortable in it daily. I wasn’t just barely hanging on anymore. I also realized that it was REALLY COLD. Like, -5 °C cold. The sun now set at half past four. The world as I knew it was no longer the same. My body shut down four hours after sunset, as it was previously conditioned to when the sun set at 7 and I went to bed at 11. Only this time, at eight o’clock, I still had a ton of things to do and I couldn’t just afford to go to bed. Coffee became my new best friend. Around mid-November, I was waiting to cross Mass Ave when these funny-looking fluffy crystals landed on my jumper. I looked up in confusion to see the heavens glowing white and panicked a little just because I thought this was the end, the sky was falling in, and next would come Angel Gabriel’s horn. Then it hit me. Snow! I was so excited I made my roommate stay up with me past midnight trying (and failing) to build a snowman. I’m sorry, but where I come from, the closest you get to snow is shredded ice in the freezer. It made all the cold worth it. Snowscape between Building 6 and 18 If I could write a book on Freshman Fall, it would probably be called Adjustment is a Process. The subtitle would be Give Yourself Time. The first chapter would be Take It Easy. It really doesn’t matter if other people take six classes or test out of four of the six GIRs. This semester, I took Single Variable Calculus, Classical Mechanics, a writing class and Terrascope. All those are basic entry-level classes, and only two are technical heavy-workload classes. I had started off with an economics class in addition to everything else, and it was too much for me to handle because I had a really weak background in calculus. For other freshmen who were already good at calculus, the Economics class worked out really well. Does it matter that I didn’t do that class this semester? No, because I have seven more chances to take (and pass) it, the only difference being that I can’t do it on P/NR. I should talk about my writing class, because it was the best class I took this semester. Sometime in June, while in the heat of preparations of coming to school, I had to take a Freshman Essay Evaluation, which is meant to test writing and communication skills for prefrosh. I didn’t do too well and had to take a CI-HW which is a writing-intensive class. I went about choosing a CI-HW in an arbitrarily random way and ended up in one Reading and Writing Autobiographies class. It turned out to be  more of a critical thinking and analysis class where we used texts as references to discuss mostly social issues, sometimes scientific, sometimes philosophical. It was a small class, with fifteen students, and we had a small classroom, so we always ended up seated in a circle or similar parabolic shape which felt kind of warm and welcoming. At the risk of sounding partial, I will also mention that we had a fantastic professor who occasionally brought us fruit and dessert. I hear Elie Wiesel’s Night is a ninth-grade reading piece, but I had no idea this book even existed before we did close reading on it. In groups, we came up with arguments about several issues in the book; religion, family relationships, anything you felt could raise debate and had a point to be made out of. We were practicing coming up with evolved theses; where you don’t necessarily end up with the same argument you began with, but modify it to accommodate complicating evidence and evidence from other sources. It shook me that I hadn’t taken time before to learn about the Holocaust in all its gory detail- all I knew was that it was a war between the Germans and Jews that happened long ago, and was one of the worst forms of human abuse in the history of mankind. Its gravity was totally lost on me, until I read this book, and began getting an idea of what hate crimes were. We analyzed Maya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings a powerful, poignant book, packed with bittersweet emotion. In more cases than I’d like to admit, I had to take some minutes to regain composure before moving on with my reading. Darkness Visible by William Styron was an enlightening piece we read as a Thanksgiving break assignment. Back home, depression and mental health is not something people talk openly about. I’m not even sure it’s something that’s talked about at all. The excerpt we read from Darkness Visible shed so much light on exactly why it’s important to know about depression, and how to live with or around people with mental health disorders. The author, William Styron, battled with depression himself, and came very, very close to taking his own life while in the throes of the illness. He later made a full recovery and committed his efforts into debunking the mystery of mental illness. His journey was a rough one, and he is very systematic about breaking down the stages of his illness and speculating on what triggered his depression, though he issues a warning against trying to categorize it’s causes, terming the disorder a mystery both to the onlookers and the affected. Walden by Henry Thoreau was a triggering piece that’s slightly cynical but very contemplative. Thoreau starts by insulting his readers blatantly, criticizing their lifestyles that are spent chasing after wealth and implying that his seniors have nothing of value to add to young people. It’s a deeply philosophical book, and we took some time discussing Thoreau’s theories on the vanity of wealth, and the relevance of the influence of older generations on younger ones. We touched on excerpts from Marcel Proust’s In Search of Lost Time and Salman Rushdie’s The First Blackbird. Another main takeaway from this semester would be the importance of being impulsive. Just do it! I spontaneously decided to audition for an acapella group- Crossproducts- which turned out to be an amazing decision. I tried out for admission blogging, and I love it. I tried out an interesting-sounding writing class and it ended up being one of the most worthwhile experiences of the semester. Sometimes things worked out really well, and other times I ended up in a class that was way over my current capabilities. Either way, it made for an exciting ride. Ironically, in spite of getting so busy, I read more books this semester than I did over the entirety of my gap year when I literally had nothing to do. In addition to my class readings, I managed to get through Michelle Obama’s Becoming,  Gabrielle Union’s We’re Going To Need More Wine,  and Dan Lyons Disrupted.  Becoming is honestly the most relatable book I’ve ever read, and I highly recommend it. Thanks, Michelle Obama, for releasing this the same semester I’m taking an autobiography class, because it was basically fodder for my term paper. Gabrielle Union’s is a lot more educative in the feminine side of things, if you get what I mean. Both these writers are women I greatly look up to in every aspect of their lives and reading their books is like stepping out of the haze of classes and exams and taking time to look at the bigger picture, why we’re doing what we’re doing. It’s a breath of fresh air. Robert Vunabandi 20 thinks so, too. To make time for books, I u ninstalled Instagram and Facebook- a good idea, except for the fact that I missed out on a lot of memes, and that I regret. The future doesnt look too bleak, especially because Class of 22 still get to take 3 GIRs on P/NR after Freshman Fall thanks to The Bold Experiment. So long, P/NR Paradise. You shall be missed. Boston sunset as captured by my sketchy phone camera Post Tagged ##freshmanfall

The Prevalence Of Social Inequalities - 1965 Words

1. THRUST OF THE ARTICLE: The article starts with the prevalence of social inequalities in the Indian society. It says that inequalities are distributed in the Indian society by the prevalent social structures which are based on caste, class and gender. So the people who get benefited from the development policy of the country are the ones who have mostly the high status and the fruits of policies that are formed reach to the higher sections of the society leaving behind the weaker sections of the society. The weaker sections of the society are those who have been marginalized for years. E.g.: Industrialization and privatization came in India saying that it will benefit the society as it will help to reduce unemployment by creating more jobs. Yes, there is no doubt, that it created N number of job opportunities. But for whom? It created job opportunities for them who were well educated and competent. It did not created jobs for the people who are marginalized or those whose lands were acquired in the process of setting up industries. They are still struggling. The article then takes on by defining â€Å"Resilience of social structures† which means the perpetuation of social inequalities through hierarchical division of society and this resilience does not allow equality to prevail by excluding some groups. This concept of resilience of social structures prevails throughout the theme of this article that is on MID DAY MEAL SCHEME. The main theme that this article covers is thatShow MoreRelatedThe Prevalence Of Social Inequalities1960 Words   |  8 PagesThe article starts with the prevalence of social inequalities in the Indian society. It says that inequalities are distributed in the Indian society by the prevalent social structures which are based on caste, class and gender. So the people who get benefited from the development policy of the country are the ones who have mostly the high status and the fruits of policies that are formed reach to the higher sections of the society leaving behind the weaker sections of the society. The weaker sectionsRead MoreArticle 567 Of The 2009 Burundian Penal Code1450 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowed by a rise in HIV prevalence and rate of new infection. HIV infection in Burundi is interesting for these ends, because HIV infection is not completely associated with the homosexual community in the country. Whereas in the US, HIV was linked to a historical struggle of sexual discrimination, HIV in Burundi is more closely linked to a different kind of sexual discrimination against Women that both straight and LGBT women experience. Figure 4. The data on HIV prevalence and rate of new infectionRead MoreIntersectionality715 Words   |  3 PagesIntersectionality of Gender Inequality Name: Institution: Intersectionality of Gender Inequality For many decades, women have experienced all forms of oppression and constant violence that threatened their existence in the male-dominated society. Various forms of discrimination and oppression have been directed to women for decades. Violence directed at women such as rape and battery were seen and treated as isolatedRead MoreChildhood Obesity Is Becoming A Major Public Health Problem1367 Words   |  6 PagesOver the past decade, there has been a rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, In 2013, the number of children (under 5 Years) said to be overweight was over 42 million with 31 million of them living in developing countries. (WHO, 2015), and if not properly handled, could lead to serious health problems like cardiovascular disease. (Owen et al., 2009). Childhood Obesity is becoming a major public health problem and if not properly talked could lead to seriousRead MoreHealth Is A Complex And Dynamic Concept1743 Words   |  7 Pa gesenvironment and impacting social, economic and political determinants (Naidoo and Wits, 2000). Contemporary health services require a broader more holistic health perspective, beyond those of traditional biomedical health care practices, which can neglect interconnecting broader determinants, resulting in health inequality. The World Health Organisation (WHO, 1946) recognises that health equality is dependent upon the knowledge that health is; ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and notRead MoreThe Racism Of African Americans959 Words   |  4 PagesIn addition to the negative effects of individual racism, systemic racism s crushing discrimination has devastated the African Americans in this country. Due to the horrors of systemic racism many African Americans find themselves at economic and social disadvantages. The education opportunities they encounter are far more limited than the ones White Americans do. As a result, African Americans often achi eve fewer educational successes than their white counterparts. The lack of opportunities forRead MoreAdult Obesity As A Public Health Issue984 Words   |  4 Pageshealth and wellbeing to better meet the needs of an obese adult in clinical practice. Obesity will be defined, its trends and the biopsychosocial factors that contribute to an individual’s health and wellbeing will be discussed along with the health inequalities. Furthermore, this assignment will highlight relevant policies and legislation aimed at addressing the health risk and needs of an obese adult. Lastly, this essay will explain the role of a nurse in both promoting and assessing of the health requirementsRead MoreThe Medical Models Of Health1575 Words   |  7 Pagestherefore undeniable that medical models of health should follow in this trend, from the introduction of generalised treaties such as the Alma Ata to specified reports such as that of the Black report have help guide models of health towards th at of the social model and away from the previously prevalent biomedical model; therefore better accommodating the diseases that the world faces today such as Rheumatic Fever or Rheumatic Heart Disease. Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) is a preventable and controllableRead MoreSocio Economic Status And Health1748 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Social stratification is one of the tenets of sociological inquiry, and the association between socio-economic status and health could be viewed as a classical problem in medical sociology that dates back the mid-19th century works of Friedrich Engels, Rudolf Wirchow and Salvador Allende. These scholars writing during the early years of capitalism (Salvador Allende is an exception as to this trend as he studied the social origins of illness in the later times and a different geographicalRead MorePakist Child Health And Mortality1658 Words   |  7 Pagesis broken into four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (â€Å"About Pakistan†). Its capital is the city of Islamabad. While Pakistan has taken many steps to improve the state of its people in recent years, the prevalence of poverty, gender inequality, inequities, political instability and a struggling economy have proved very challenging for the country (â€Å"About Pakistan†). These factors a lso largely affect the health of Pakistanis, especially the health of Pakistani children.

How Do Astronomers Use Light

When stargazers go outside at night to look at the sky, they see the light from distant stars, planets, and galaxies. Light is crucial to astronomical discovery.  Whether its from stars or other bright objects, light is something astronomers use all the time. Human eyes see (technically, they detect) visible light. Thats one part of a larger spectrum of light called the electromagnetic spectrum (or EMS), and the extended spectrum is what astronomers use to explore the cosmos. The Electromagnetic Spectrum The EMS comprises the full range of wavelengths and frequencies of light that exist: radio waves, microwave, infrared, visual (optical), ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma  rays. The part humans see is a very tiny sliver of the wide spectrum of light that is given off (radiated and reflected) by objects in space and on our planet. For example, the light from the  Moon  is actually light from the Sun thats reflected off it.  Human bodies also emit (radiate) infrared (sometimes referred to as heat radiation). If people could see in the infrared, things would look very different. Other wavelengths and frequencies, such  as x-rays, are also emitted and reflected. X-rays can pass through objects to illuminate bones. Ultraviolet light, which is also invisible to humans, is quite energetic and is responsible for sunburned skin. The Properties of Light Astronomers measure many properties of light, such as luminosity (brightness), intensity, its frequency or wavelength, and polarization. Each wavelength and frequency of light lets astronomers study objects in the universe in different ways. The speed of light (which is 299,729,458 meters a second) is also an important tool in determining distance. For example, the Sun and Jupiter (and many other objects in the universe) are natural emitters of radio frequencies. Radio astronomers look at those emissions and learn about the objects  temperatures, velocities, pressures, and magnetic fields. One field of radio astronomy is focused on searching out life on other worlds by finding any signals they may send. That is called the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). What Light Properties Tell Astronomers Astronomy researchers are often interested in  the luminosity of an object, which is the measure of how much energy it puts out in the form of electromagnetic radiation. That tells them something about activity in and around the object. In addition, light can be scattered off an objects surface. The scattered light  has properties that tell planetary scientists what materials make up that surface. For example, they might see the scattered light that reveals the presence of  minerals  in the rocks of the Martian surface,  in  the crust of an asteroid, or on Earth.   Infrared Revelations Infrared light is given off by warm objects such things as protostars (stars about to be born), planets, moons, and brown dwarf objects. When astronomers aim an infrared detector at a cloud of gas and dust, for example, the infrared light from the protostellar objects inside the cloud can pass through the gas and dust. That gives astronomers a look inside the stellar nursery. Infrared astronomy discovers young stars and seeks out  worlds  not be visible in optical wavelengths, including asteroids in our own solar system. It  even gives them a peek at places like the center of our galaxy,  hidden behind a thick cloud of gas and dust.   Beyond the Optical Optical (visible) light is how humans see the universe; we see stars, planets, comets, nebulae, and galaxies, but only in that narrow range of wavelengths that our eyes can detect. Its the light we evolved to see with our eyes.   Interestingly, some creatures on Earth can also see into the infrared and ultraviolet, and others can sense (but not see) magnetic fields and sounds that we cannot directly sense. We are all familiar with dogs who can hear sounds that humans cant hear.   Ultraviolet light is given off by energetic processes and objects in the universe. An object has to be a certain temperature to  emit  this form of light. Temperature is related to high-energy events, and so we look for x-ray emissions from such objects and events as newly forming stars, which are quite energetic. Their ultraviolet light can tear apart molecules of gas (in a process called photodissociation), which is why we often see newborn stars eating away at their birth clouds.   X-rays are emitted by even MORE energetic processes and objects, such as jets of superheated material streaming away from black holes. Supernova explosions also give off x-rays. Our Sun emits tremendous streams of x-rays whenever it belches up a solar flare. Gamma-rays are given off by the most energetic objects and events in the universe. Quasars and hypernova explosions are two good examples of gamma-ray emitters, along with the famous gamma-ray bursts.   Detecting Various Forms of Light Astronomers have different types of detectors to study each of these forms of light. The best ones are in orbit around our planet, away from the atmosphere (which affects light as it passes through). There are some very good optical and infrared observatories on Earth (called ground-based observatories), and they are located at very high altitude to avoid most of the atmospheric effects. The detectors see the light coming in. The light might be sent to a spectrograph, which is a very sensitive instrument that breaks the incoming light into its component wavelengths. It produces spectra, graphs that astronomers use to understand the chemical properties of the object. For example, a spectrum of the Sun shows black lines in various places; those lines indicate the chemical elements that exist in the Sun. Light is used not just in astronomy but in a wide range of sciences, including the medical profession, for discovery and diagnosis, chemistry, geology, physics, and engineering. Its really one of the most important tools tha scientists have in their arsenal of ways they study the cosmos.

Facts, Fiction and Writing Dissertation Service

Facts, Fiction and Writing Dissertation Service Nowadays it is quite hard to locate a trustworthy essay writing service. Pick a topic The exact first step of writing a thesis is selecting the most suitable topic. You've got to file your dissertation on a specific date and therefore you're surely likely to require the edited dissertation no under a couple of weeks before the submission date. Now that you found the service which provides the best essay writing in UK, you will observe the chance to do everything! What You Don't Know About Writing Dissertation Service It's possible to get essays web-based from several providers currently, so make sure to be notify into the inescapable truth that many them have already pre-composed essays or maintain a directory from the finished reports. You're able to use all the above types of questions in your dissertation. Dissertation creating service is most likely the uncomplicated and understandable procedures to make the newspapers and content articles quite simply. The service gives a wide selection of styles we use let alone multiple varieties of essay we compose. Writing Dissertation Service - the Story The previous dissertation writing comes in the last stage. When you're writing a thesis you will need to be especially cautious concerning the terminology that you're using. Authoring a dissertation isn't a really effortless career. Taking dissertation editing help is a great procedure to guarantee the correctness of the dissertation. The thesis is just the hypothesis put forward. A dissertation is often put into lots of chapters that could help considering the examination and comprehension of the topic of the dissertation. Revising a dissertation works in the form of deconstruction. Your dissertation or thesis will most likely be created by means of a professional that specializes in your theme particular field. Facts, Fiction and Writing Dissertation Service The kind you decide to utilize in your dissertation determines the kind of research you will want to conduct and the research methods you'll ultimately employ e. Also, after you have completed your report, making another individual, who has a comprehension of the subject, read the paper will allow you to judge the caliber of the content, the engagement factor and the degree of interest it generates. Put simply, it's a division of your dissertation mission that has the principal purposes of your examination and the ways you'd like to attain them. The main reason for an evaluation process is straightforward. Most commonly it's applied to clients. After all, the amount of work is truly quite large. You only have to find dissertation service in order that you've got the ability detailed your frustrating process with amazing excellence. The Fundamentals of Writing Dissertation Service Revealed Regrettably, it's not possible to discover the dissertation and receive a confirmation immediately. It's not simple to compose the ideal dissertation. It'll be considerably less tricky to compose a dissertation whether it was not time-consuming. It's not simple to compose the most helpful dissertation. Dissertation proposal is a substantial part of dissertation writing. Dissertation is much like writing a book. Dissertation is one of the key papers for students. Dissertation is a substantial portion of the previous semester in very specialization discipline. In the subject of fact, you're among the many prosper customized writing services on the world wide web. Therefore, you return to social media for more. You can trust our services and we will not ever fail you! The service makes certain that you get the academic writing help you're interested in finding. The best services are given by the companies which are into existence for lengthy decades. The appropriate professional services are offered on account of the firms that prefer lifetime for longer years. Ruthless Writing Dissertation Service Strategies Exploited The chief reason is that academic essay writing skills are quite irrelevant to the subject of study. You would make the absolute most for the dissertation aid from different men and women. A dissertation is normally the previous requirement of a graduate degree program and may be one of the most important papers in a person's life. Our dissertation writing service can guarantee that you get the mark you need to move on a university or to be the most recent hire in the career you want. What You Should Do to Find Out About Writing Dissertation Service Before You're L eft Behind With our essay help you may be certain nobody shall get a better mark for the work than you. A dissertation incorporates a quite distinctive format and a great distinct set of producing. Your LLM dissertation has come to be the most essential paper of your educational program and will require a whole lot of time alongside your already full schedule.

Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design. Answer: Introduction: The report falls under the reflective type of report. According to the name reflective report I am making this report so as to present all the things that I have learnt from the lectures and the tasks that I have performed during the lectures(blog#2; 23rd July 2017). I have mentioned the cross referencing blogs in the paragraphs from where I have considered the blogs. The title page consists of the link of the blog which I have uploaded on WordPress. This will help in taking anyone directly to the pages that have the blogs. I have divided this report into several parts so as to understand the knowledge that I have gained after attending the lectures. I have gone through the various units and analysed the parts along with evaluating them. This report is mainly focused on the problems that I have discovered about the system, in the later portion of the report I have also made an action plan so as to support the knowledge that I have gained and this plan is based upon my views and the analysis that I have made. The conclusion portion consists of the summarisation of all my knowledges. Many considerations were made regarding the incident before the design thinking but the main reason for which I have selected this incident is for the betterment of the society and lifestyle of the people in several ways(blog#3,27thJuly 2017). Knowledge gained: Design thinking helps in complete changing of the point of view of a certain individual. Existence of many people in this world who always want new technologies has made us to think about operating in a modern way. Design thinking not only helps me to earn benefits but also helps the other peoples who are not even linked with me to earn benefits(blog#3; 3rdAugust 2017). Our office had had developed a software for submitting the taxes online. One day when I reached the office I saw that many people were facing problems when they had deposited their tax online by the use of a software. This made them pay huge penalties. For saving their time people used the online software but instead of earning benefits they faced huge problems. This made me think about the bad design and the bad coding procedure involved in the process of developing a software (blog#4; 11th August 2017). When the problem raised, people were made to visit the office for solving their problem as a result the valuable t ime of the peoples were lost. When I came home and checked the online process and I was very much shocked to see that there were many faults involved in the online portal. I tried to examine this software and I was very much shocked to see that the main reason was improper design, present of bugs and improper coding process. Analysis and evaluation: The incident discussed above helps me to notice that most of the people were not aware of the online procedure involved in the process of filing taxes online. For example, there was man who was depositing his tax manually also argued with the officials that his tax calculations are also incorrect after seeing that online process was defective. He was arguing about the fact that the total process of tax filing is defective including the manual process. By arguing with the officials he was totally wasting the time and was blocking the way of the peoples who were actually facing the problem. Moreover, according to the analysis the liberal environment and the lack of awareness regarding the tax filing procedures are not the only reason for the problem but it also includes the waste of time of the office and the management procedure of the office. This will also help the competing peoples to take advantage thereby helping them to take a lead. According to my analysis I detected the lag behinds in the software which were resulting in the increased amount of problems. Spontaneously there is also a need for evaluating the awareness in the minds of the people who were taking it very casually(blog#9; 5thOctober 2017). Development area: Looking into the current situation of the office and according to my analysis there are many areas which needs to be developed and enhanced. We are aware of the fact that the first section of the report consists of the interactions with the customer. This section consists of the process of serving the customers and for that there is a need for developing a new software which wont cause any further difficulties(blog#5; 20th August 2017). There might be also some people who forgets to file their taxes so the software must include some specifications so as to give a reminder about the date of filing the taxes. Moreover, as I have discussed that the people are not aware of the processes of filing their taxes so it might cause serious issues if they are not made aware of the real and the proper procedures. It is the sole responsibility of us to make the people aware about how to use the software properly. Improvement in the above mentioned areas the software developer country can gets benefits along with helping the peoples(blog#10; 5thOctober 2017). Civic values:: Strength: The strength that I have acquired is to analyse any situation and if in case if the situation is running in an unexpected way then it is possible for me to give a solution that can help in getting out of the unexpected situation. I am not able to see any type of way that is miss leaded or make my brain think out of the box not even when the system or the work is being done properly(blog#12; 6thOctober 2017). The types which includes this type of thinking are the best way to get out of the working ways that are old. For example,when I went to one of the launch program of a cell phone I saw that when the people were sitting at the back were unable to see the product when it was taken out of the box. The first idea which came in my mind was the launch should be done be presented live or a video recording on a big screen which will help the people sitting at the back to see the product. The reflection report that I have made consist of my strength which in help in providing the better se rvice to the customers and the new software needs to be developed for the purpose of creating better awareness and to provide a better service to the customers. Weakness: The main weakness that I suffer is the opposite part of the strengths that I have gained. I may face many situations where I am unable to develop new ideas about the possible ways that can be adopted so as to face the problems(blog#12; 6th October 2017). Some situations might occur where it is totally impossible to develop new ideas. The worst idea that came in my mind regarding the situation discussed above is the total abolishment of the online process for filing of the taxes. The waste ideas that comes in the mind should be totally skipped during the process of design thinking. Waste ideas can lead to more bad situations(blog#4; 11th August 2017). Action plan: Based on the learning outcome of this course, I have developed an action plan for launching a new software application. The most basic steps included in the development of a software are: No. Criteria Time period Status Result 1 Data gathering 1 month Deployed successfully Knowledge regarding requirements 2 Designing 1 month Deployed successfully Appropriate designing without faults. 3 Coding 2 months Deployed successfully Appropriate design of software 4 Testing 1 month Deployed successfully Detecting issues 5 Implementation 1 month Deployed successfully Reals problems 6 Maintenance 1 month Deployed successfully Solving the issues Data collection and analysis: In this procedure the essential, needs for building up software are collected. At the point when the data have been accumulated, an analysis has been achieved in order to approve the requirements as well as incorporating the prerequisites on the procedure of programming advancement. At last, a record is made for serving the following period of the improvement procedure this study and gathering of the necessity is improved the situation in 1 month. This procedure has been instructed to us on the first and the second week. Design: This progression incorporates the way toward outlining the product with the prerequisite determinations that were accumulated on the primary stage. System designing assists me to determine the equipment as well as the needs of the system and furthermore to introduce the general plan. This procedure turns out to be particularly simple to me in the wake of going to the addresses. In addition, designing is to improve the situation the following 1 months so that there does not exists any issues if there exists any issue then it should be expelled. Coding: The third period of the activity design incorporates the coding and I need to do it after the way toward outlining is finished. This is the longest period of software development thus I will need right around two months. This procedure will be especially simple for me as I have learnt numerous new things from the addresses gave to us on the addresses. Testing: After finishing of the third stage I will continue for the testing of the created code in order to locate the diverse issues and to moderate those issues. I will see the codes from various prospects as I was instructed in the classes. Implementation: This stage will incorporate the dispatch of the product and first beta testing when the software will reach to the clients. This stage will likewise incorporate the identification of the issues and will help me to note down the issues for the taking care of the issues. This organization and testing will practically take one month.Maintenance: This will be the last period of the building up software. This stage will incorporate the procedure for solving that I will do as such that the clients measurement not confront any further troubles. As I have learnt in the addresses given the continuous weeks I am very much aware of the procedures required for recognizing and tackling the issues. This critical thinking procedure will nearly take around one month. Expected outcome: Discussions have been made and been explained in the above paragraphs in which there is a need of modification in recent system of running responsible for having changes in the office. The employees of office have to observe all the changes that are taking place inside the organisation. Looking into the matter of making the peoples are aware of the facts that are included in the process of change. Marketing agencies will help in making the peoples understand the proper process and what are the necessary steps that should be taken by them for the purpose of solving the problems that might be faced by them. Proper developed software will help in adopting a proper and a problem free process. Proper maintenance team should be recruited for the purpose of meeting the customers problems. A proper software needs to be developed for this purpose. Conclusion: The reflective report explained above helps us to conclude that the process of design thinking helps us a lot for my personal development and also for the development of the society. Different views can help in bringing positive as well as negative changes in the firm but still there remains an option of choosing the right option by the higher authorities. Action plan has been developed for the purpose of making a new developed software for the development of the office along with helping it out in the field of competition and to obtain a higher position in the market. Bibliography: Acar, S., Runco, M. A. (2015). Thinking in multiple directions: Hyperspace categories in divergent thinking.Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts,9(1), 41. Bardach, E., Patashnik, E. M. (2015).A practical guide for policy analysis: The eightfold path to more effective problem solving. CQ press. Ben Mahmoud?Jouini, S., Midler, C., Silberzahn, P. (2016). Contributions of Design Thinking to Project Management in an Innovation Context.Project Management Journal,47(2), 144-156. Boss, S. (2015).Real-World Projects: How do I design relevant and engaging learning experiences?(ASCD Arias). ASCD. Creswell, J. W., Poth, C. N. (2017).Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications. Frensch, P. A., Funke, J. (Eds.). (2014).Complex problem solving: The European perspective. Psychology Press. Friedman, S. L., Scholnick, E. K. (2014).The developmental psychology of planning: Why, how, and when do we plan?. Psychology Press. Geissdoerfer, M., Bocken, N. M., Hultink, E. J. (2016). Design thinking to enhance the sustainable business modelling processA workshop based on a value mapping process.Journal of Cleaner Production,135, 1218-1232. Gobble, M. M. (2014). The persistence of brainstorming.Research-Technology Management,57(1), 64-67. Gyabak, K., Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A., Ray, J. (2015). Teachers using designerly thinking in K-12 online course design.Journal of Online Learning Research,1(3), 253-274. Hawthorne, G., Saggar, M., Quintin, E. M., Bott, N., Keinitz, E., Liu, N., ... Reiss, A. L. (2016). Designing a Creativity Assessment Tool for the Twenty-First Century: Preliminary Results and Insights from Developing a Design-Thinking Based Assessment of Creative Capacity. InDesign Thinking Research(pp. 111-123). Springer International Publishing. Liedtka, J. (2015). Perspective: Linking design thinking with innovation outcomes through cognitive bias reduction.Journal of Product Innovation Management,32(6), 925-938. Merriam, S. B., Tisdell, E. J. (2015).Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley Sons. Mohamed, A. D. (2016). The effects of modafinil on convergent and divergent thinking of creativity: a randomized controlled trial.The Journal of Creative Behavior,50(4), 252-267. Montgomery, D. C. (2017).Design and analysis of experiments. John Wiley Sons. Shi, Y. (2015). An optimization algorithm based on brainstorming process.Emerging Research on Swarm Intelligence and Algorithm Optimization, 1-35. Wolstenholme, D., Downes, T., Leaver, J., Partridge, R., Langley, J. (2014). Improving self-efficacy in spinal cord injury patients through" design thinking" rehabilitation workshops.BMJ quality improvement reports,3(1), u205728-w2340.

Bronchitis Is The Inflammation Of The Bronchi. It Maydevelop Suddenly,

Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchi. It maydevelop suddenly, following a head cold (acute bronchitis), or itmay persist or return regularly for many years, causingprogressive degeneration of the bronchi and lungs (chronicbronchitis). Certain people are more susceptible than others;Men are more of a target to bronchitis than women, out numberingthem 10 to 1 the reasons are unclear. Of course smokers are50 times more likely to get chronic bronchitis than non?smokers. Acute bronchitis is a bacteria or virus infection, oftenfollowing a cold smoking. People who have acute bronchitisusually have a mild fever, soreness under breast bone, irritatedby coughing. First they have a dry cough then the cough laterbrings up green and yellow mucus. The cough may persist to 4 to6 weeks. Chronic bronchitis is produced by other chronicproblem: sinusitis, smoking, TB, etc. The Bronchi becomes thick,inelastic, and accumulate mucus and pus in lower part of lungsinstead of bringing discharges up and out. The result is chroniccough, shortness of breath, sometimes spasm, and frequentinfection. Page 2 ?Symptoms ? * ? ? ? ? ?In acute bronchitis, the basic symptoms are a head cold,fever and chills, running nose, aching muscles and possibly backpains. This is soon followed by the obvious persistent cough. At first the cough is dry and racking and eventually becomesphlegmy. The persistent cough is worse at night than during theday, and when the person breathes in smoke and fumes. ? ?The main symptoms most recognized in chronic bronchitis is,again, a cough, with sputum, often occurring in paroxysms. Othersymptoms in chronic bronchitis are dependant on how much, or howlittle, emphysema is present. This disorder causes the lungs tobecome overstretched, making the breathing process difficult. ? ?The chronic bronchitic with no emphysema tends to beoverweight and often has a bluish tinge to his or her lips due tolack of oxygen. Shortness of breath only occurs during exerciseand other strenuous activity. The bronchitic with a great dealof emphysema, who has lost a lot of his or her oxygen exchanging ability, due to the condition, is short of breath atall times. The bronchitic with emphysema very often areunderweight and, as the disease comes worse, develops a barrelchest. The Chronic bronchitic also wheezes because of theobstruction. ? ?NOTE: Emphysema is a state of overdistention of the tinyair?containing sacs of the lung.? ?( 0*0*0* Page 3 ' ? ?Causes ? * ? ? ? ? ?The cause of bronchitis are from viral or bacterialinfections which spreads to the chest. The body uses defencemechanisms to try to prevent the viruses and bacterias fromspreading the infections. Examples of defence mechanisms aresneezing, coughing, etc. There are also white blood cells tohelp us the fight off the bacterias and viruses. However if newviruses and bacterias enters our body then the white blood cellswill have to take some time to recognize the new viruses andbacterias. Fortunately, a different kind of white blood cellstry to fight off the bacterias and viruses as much as they canbut unfortunately as they are doing that, they are releasingother chemicals. The chemicals enter the tissue that surroundsthe trachea (see page 5 diagram 1) and they begin to expandand swell up. As they expand, they squeeze the trachea (see pg 5 diagram 2). As a result, less air can pass through thetrachea causing a short of breath. Generally, bronchitis occurswith greater frequency in winte r, in damp, cold climates, and inheavy polluted environments. Page 4 & ? ?Treatment ? * ? ? ? ? ?The best treatment for acute bronchitis is bed rest in awarm room. Cough medicines will relieve the cough and aspirinwill reduce the fever. Acute bronchitis that is viral usuallyruns it's course without medication. A proper diet and avoidanceof additional irritants such as smoking are recommended. Steaminhalations is helpful in eliminating congestive mucus. Antibiotics may be needed if the cause is bacteria. ? ?Treatment of chronic bronchitis is more difficult. Thepatients lungs are already damaged and the destruction of theairways are not easily renewed. ? ?Bronchial dilator drugs may be given to the patient torelieve any such obstruction, while physiotherapy will help thepatient get rid of any sputum. Yoga and breathing exercises mayhelp shortness of breath. In severe cases, urgent hospitaltreatment may be required. Oxygen may have to be given throughthe course of

The relationship that Heaney writes about between himself and his father Essay Example

The relationship that Heaney writes about between himself and his father Essay Example The relationship that Heaney writes about between himself and his father Paper The relationship that Heaney writes about between himself and his father Paper Essay Topic: Poetry Seamus Heaney Poems I am going to compare two different poems written by Seamus Heaney. The names of these two poems are Digging and Follower. Both of these poems were written when Seamus Heaney had started his career in poetry. Heaney was the eldest of nine children and grew up in poor conditions, as his father was a potato farmer, just as his forefathers. The poems are basically Heaneys autobiography, where he is explaining what happened in his past. Heaney was born when there were Catholic and Protestant riots were occurring and it was a troubled time for him and his family. The two poems are similar because they both describe Heaney at a young age, when he used to be tripping, falling, yapping always. This was meant to prove that Heaney was always behind his father, but the second poem has a real twist to it at the end, which I will describe to you further in to this essay. Heaney is probably writing this poem in his room, and looking out into his old farm which is bringing back his memories of being a child. His room would be dimly lit to show the bluntness in his vocabulary. This also depicts that fact that his language is not flowery, or there is no glorification of any part of his fathers job, but just going straight to the point. He does not in any way denigrate the job either, but just keeps it simply and straight to the point. I think that Heaney wouldve been in his dimly lit room (as explained above) and is picturing his father in a hat, with a grey coat on and his coarse boot nestled on the lug, against the inside knee was levered firmly. Heaneys language here conveys to us the point that he used language that reflects the traditional down-to-earth nature of his ancestors. What I mean here, is that most other writers would glorify these sentences and add extra vocabulary to add to the effect, but Heaneys draws in the readers interest by keeping it simple and concise. The relationship between Heaney and his father is exposed in the second line, The squat pen rests; snug as a gun, and it can be compared to line 4, Then the spade sinks Here, Heaney is trying to force through the point that his fathers profession was a farmer, and his weapon was a spade, whereas, Heaneys profession is a writer and his dangerous weapon is the pen. The pen also had enormous power and when the pen is used incorrectly, it can too cause damage. Heaneys pen gives him the eccentricity and power which he felt he lacked as a child due to the restricted conditions. The pen freed him from his restrictions that he had a child and the pen if offering him dangerous new possibilities. This emphasises the point that Heaney lacked attention and had wished to get it with the power of his pen. Heaney believes that the pen can be as powerful as the spade. This is proven in line 2 The squat pen rests; snug as a gun. This means that when the pen is not in use, it is just a potential threat, but when it is used incorrectly, it can be as dangerous as a gun, and a gun is surely more powerful than a spade. The relationship between him and his father is flowing at times, for example, when enjambment is used between lines five and six. My father digging. I look down Till his straining rump among the flowerbeds. The second stanza ends at the word down and the third stanza begins at the word Till. Enjambment is used to keep the rhythm of the poem continuously flowing and to keep the readers in the frame of the poem. Enjambment is also used to show that the poem is digging further into his memories. Heaney liked harsh and blunt sounds such as lug, coarse, nestled and heaving sods. These words dont have a squeaky sound to them, whereas, the words like nicking and slicing do. What I mean by blunt is that the words arent sharp or high, but easy to say, and uses less effort, meaning that more effort can be used in the work being done. The poem is basically about Heaneys admiration for his father. By god, the old man could handle a spade, Just like his old man My grandfather cut more turf in a day, than any other man in Toners Bog. In these quotes, he is portraying to us how much he admires his forefathers. He is exaggerating the fact that his grandfather cut more turf in a day than any other man in Toners Bog. He is exaggerating it because is substantiates that fact that his grandfather was the greatest potato farmer of all time, and that his speed and skill together was indestructible. He states that his grandfather is not any old potato farmer, but a very unique one indeed. The speed, I have verified above, but the skill of his grandfather-Nicking and slicing neatly. This is also Heaneys use of onomatopoeia nicking, sounds like its meaning; as does slicing. They are both quite gruesome words, but this depicts to us that the job of Heaneys forefather was gruesome and it also portrays the conditions that he wouldve lived in, being the eldest of nine children and being the son of a potato farmer. This exposes to us about Heaneys straight to the point thoughts, no matter how grisly his history may be, he will state it. Once I carried him milk in a bottle Corked sloppily with water. He straightened up to drink it, then fell to it straight away. This illustrates how devoted his forefathers were in their work. No other work could show that dedication, it was unparalleled. This is an example of Heaneys pride for his forefathers, not everyone would write in a poem how inspired they are by their forefathers. I think that Heaney is a bit ashamed of not being able to follow in their footsteps, But Ive no spade to follow like them. What Heaney means here is not that he has no spade, but he has no spade within him to carry on his fathers work, that he was not enough bottle to follow in their footsteps. Between my finger and my thumb, The squat pen rests. Ill dig with it Heaney is trying to convey the message that as his fathers profession was a farmer, he used the spade to dig for potatoes, but Heaney will use a pen to dig with it, meaning that he will continue his profession as a writer. Heaney believes the pen will give him that extra power but never that hardness and toughness that his forefathers had from their profession. I think that Heaney loves and respects his forefathers due to the amount of respect that he has given them in this poem. By God the old man could handle a spade, Just like his old man. This tells us that he admires his forefathers unbelievably, and that he is proud of them. I think that Heaney is not a bit monotonous, because each time he marvels at his forefathers, he is giving us something original, something new and interesting. He does say that he wanted to grow up and follow in his fathers footsteps, I wanted to grow up and plough All I ever did was follow. This shows us that he did want to be a farmer just like his forefathers, but he felt he lacked the physical strength, but he had the mental strength of being a writer. This explains that Heaney always wanted to be a farmer, but he felt he lacked the individuality that he needed and the confidence when he was a child, and he now feels a bit guilty not carrying on the family tradition. I think that Heaney felt inadequate and lost as a child and felt he lacked the attention that a child needed. That is why he felt he lacked the power of being a potato farmer, and that he would rather have had a stronger childhood to be a farmer, not a feeble and astray one as he has experienced. Heaney saw himself as a nuisance in both poems, but more so in the second poem. I stumbled in his hob nailed wake, Fell sometimes on the polished sod. This is a quote from the second poem elucidating the fact that he used to stumble on his fathers hard work. Heaneys language is blunt and matter of fact. Corked sloppily with water. He is just stating the obvious here, meaning that he is down to earth and likes to state what is there, and not exaggerate to give effect, but the structure and the way he has delivered this poem to us speaks for itself. Heaney also uses language that reflects the down-to-earth nature of his ancestors. The cold small of potato mould, the squelch and slap. Here is another example of onomatopoeia. Onomatopoeia is used to emphasise the meaning of the words to the reader, these words are one syllable words. One syllable words are easy to say and they get the meaning of the words of the reader straight away. One syllable words can also be used so that it takes less time to read, and it reflects the level of knowledge and education that his forefathers have in speaking. Another reason why one syllable words are used is because it shows us how little time these farmers have, and that they believe in a little less conversation, a little more action. His shoulders globed like a full sail strung. This is a simile which is used to compare his fathers shoulders with a sail. What he means here is that his shoulders were so muscular that they were comparable with a full sail strung. This also shows his admiration for his forefathers. How wonderful he thought they were; a pity that he was not as capable of doing physical activities as they were. Nar rowed and angled at the ground, Mapping the furrow exactly, this exemplifies to us the Heaneys father worked exactly and that he would calculate all of the angles and get the lifting of the turf exactly right. Heaney felt he was a nuisance following his father around all day, but then also felt proud to have a father whom he could follow around like that, All I ever did was follow, in his broad shadow round the farm. This is when Heaney would be looking up to his father. Heaney is looking up in not only the literal way, but also in character. He may also look up to his father in an idol like way. Comparing this to the last line of follower, it is like the falling of a god, as if the admiration empire for his father is crumbling. But today it is my father who keeps stumbling behind me, and will not go away. I dont think that Heaney is being spiteful, but there is a role reversal here. As, we have seen, in the first poem, Digging, he had great admiration for his forefathers. Towards the end of the second poem, the roles are reversed to show the change in Heaneys mind, Heaney now thinks that he is more powerful than his father due to the age difference. The last line can also be a metaphor. The meaning of this metaphor is that his father may be dead and the metaphorical part of this is that he may be dead, and his thoughts may keep lingering behind him, not his physical body itself. On the other hand, his father may be old and requires care. His father may loiter behind him and question everything he does asking whether he is doing it right or not, getting on his nerves. If he does get on his nerves, then I believe that he was being a bit spiteful, but I think that this is a metaphor and his father is dead, and his memories are lurking behind him. Now I am going to comment on other linguistic features, and the structure of this poem. Rhyme is used to bring out the points further. It helps the reader to enjoy the poem as well as understand the poem. Heaney also used rhythm in this poem. He uses a different rhythm for both Heaney and his father. I was a nuisance, tripping, falling, yapping always. That is the kind of rhythm used for Heaney. This is the rhythm which is used for Heaney because it is a bit rocky, just as his feelings, whereas the rhythm used for Heaneys father is Of reins, the sweating team turned around. The rhythm is much smoother for Heaneys father because his work is smooth and neat, whereas Heaney become s a bit spiteful at the end. Alliteration is also used in both poems. Alliteration is used because it makes the reader work just a bit harder, and it also draws in the readers attention better than other devices. Spade sinks, the alliteration is used here to show the smoothness when the spade sinks into to ground by his father, to depict how good of a farmer he is. Overall, I find Digging more effective than Follower. This is because the first poem is more emotional and he is comparing himself to his father more, and this reflects how he felt as a child. The second poem, Follower, is more technical, and readers prefer poems that are more emotional and describing, not technical and too straight to the point. I think that Heaney is very fond of his past and would like to re-live it; we can extrapolate this from the poems we have read. Both poems reveal that Heaney can remember his past very vividly and that he is a very good writer. He also considered himself as a lesser being most of the tie, I was a nuisance etc. He considered himself to not be as complex of a character of a being but a very simple person indeed. He was very humble in the way he wrote, not bragging on about himself, but showing the great admiration for his forefathers. I think that Heaney did not have a very simple relationship with his father. That was because there was not a lot of conversation between the two characters. Heaney was mainly seen and not heard in the poem, and his thoughts were mainly kept to himself as his father was too busy. The only part which I took into consideration was the change of roles at the end of Follower. That really showed that Heaney had a bit of a relationship with his father. Dead or not, he still remembers him and his memories will remain with Heaney forever.

The impact of economic globalization in the world Dissertation

The impact of economic globalization in the world - Dissertation Example The participation in the global market of countries is made possible by the reality of globalisation. Globalisation pertains to the removal of economic barriers existing among nations. By removing trade tariffs and other forms of taxes in international trade, freer movements of goods, services, and people have happened, thus establishing a more connected global society and interdependent global market. However, as economic growth and development are observed in countries who have integrated in the global market, it has also been observed that the widening gap between the rich and poor continues and this inequality permeates other interactions and relationships in society. With this perspective, it becomes essential that addressing the issue of the impact of economic globalisation is further clarified. Considering the current debate regarding the issue of economic globalisation, this research will address the question â€Å"what is the impact of economic globalisation?† This qu estion gives rise to two hypotheses. H0 Economic globalisation has a negative impact to countries. H1 Economic globalisation has a positive impact to the country. In order to address the issue of the research, a documentary research analysis was conducted. For the analysis of the collected data, comparative analysis, Pearson correlation, and thematic search were conducted. Some of the findings of the study include; (1) There is a need to redefine and reshape the boundaries of economic globalisation. (2) The impact of economic globalisation can only be ascertained for countries occupying the extreme positions in the spectrum of global integration. (3) Other variables have to be identified in order... However, as economic growth and development are observed in countries who have integrated in the global market, it has also been observed that the widening gap between the rich and poor continues and this inequality permeates other interactions and relationships in society. With this perspective, it becomes essential that addressing the issue of the impact of economic globalisation is further clarified. Considering the current debate regarding the issue of economic globalisation, this research will address the question â€Å"what is the impact of economic globalisation?† This question gives rise to two hypotheses. H0 Economic globalisation has a negative impact to countries. H1 Economic globalisation has a positive impact to the country. In order to address the issue of the research, a documentary research analysis was conducted. For the analysis of the collected data, comparative analysis, Pearson correlation, and thematic search were conducted. Some of the findings of the study include; (1) There is a need to redefine and reshape the boundaries of economic globalisation. (2) The impact of economic globalisation can only be ascertained for countries occupying the extreme positions in the spectrum of global integration. (3) Other variables have to be identified in order to guarantee the impact of economic globalisation to countries that are clustering or distributed at the centre of the spectrum of the impact of economic globalisation.

Organ donation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organ donation - Essay Example Many people are not aware of this problem and this paper can help on this point. As a nurse, my profession had allowed me to see the deficiencies in the current system of organ procurement. Lack of organ donors - there is a dearth or shortage compatible organs for people who are waiting for suitable organs due to the requirements of a tissue and blood match, otherwise, the organs will be rejected by the body as a foreign object. I believe that all major donor agencies and even national governments should give a priority to these concerns such as tax incentives for the donors (McCarrick & Darragh, 2003). Other proposals were made to address a vital issue but the most common avenue is to conduct an advocacy campaign that will help to persuade people to become organ donors. Besides family members and close relatives, a search for viable organs has expanded to prison population as well. The current lack of organs is due to increased demand as the organ transplantation process is now a fairly routine surgical procedure. Black market - the urgent need for human organs has also caused a dark underside of a cottage industry which is the trafficking of illegal organs. In other instances, it is possible that poor people sell their organs, often with a devastating effect on donors health. A parallel market for organs obtained through illegal means has resulted into medical tourism that people desperate for organs go to poor countries (Connell, 2010). A proposal made to make all organ procurement subject to free market forces has not been well received (Mahoney, 2010); todays present system based on altruism cannot keep pace with the demand resulting in the illegal market for organs. While the surveys indicate widespread public support for organ donation, in practice, people are either reluctant or unwilling to voluntarily donate their organs or those of deceased kin. What peaked my interest in the topic of organ donations is that it is the responsibility of

Media: Government Transparency And Accountability

Media: Government Transparency And Accountability The media plays significant roles in acting as a medium in transferring the information between the government and the public. The information that the public received have ability to influence the perception and the decision making of the public. The media and the government have dependent relationship. Each of them has an influence on each other. However, the media, especially newspaper and television, are outlets that are likely to be influenced, by either the government or private interests. The intervention on the media may prevent the freedom of expression provided by the democracy. These interventions can be counted as corruption. Corruption is one way to reflect government transparency and accountability. Introduction It is obviously seen that nowadays the media plays a very important role in the development of the country. The development of the society, culture, economics, education, or politics are depending on the media since the media act as a major instrument in transferring the information between different people in the society. The media can have a strong influence to the people. What are written in the newspaper, what are shown on the television, or what are spoken through the radio can change the perception of the people. During the time when Thailand was under the absolute monarchy system, media was a significant part that helped moving Thai society toward modernization. However, after Thailand changed to the democratic system, the freedom of expression of the media was emphasized. Democracy can prosper only in societies where information and ideas can flow freely. The most accessible media in Thai society are newspaper and radio. However, the sources of media that are easy to capture by the government are the newspaper as well as the television. We will then focus on these two outlets in our study. The print media, the earliest kind of media in Thai society, are limited to only small number of people in the early period. However, as time passed, the situation was changing. There were papers with criticisms about the ruling class and government officials, as well as papers that were provided with some entertainment features. The role of the press then changed from serving the ruling class, government officials and foreigners to providing information for common Thai people. The newspaper industry grew along with Thailands economic growth. However, Thailands economic crisis in 1997 was a time when newspaper industry was affected by the economic downturn. When we look at the newspaper business in Thailand today, it is obviously seen that the newspaper business has constantly become more competitive. For the daily newspaper of Thai-language, the market shares are gained mostly by Thai Rath, accounted for 34per cent, and Daily News 19per cent. The two leading newspapers, Thai Rath and Daily News, are conservative in their political disposition. For the Business Daily Newspaper, Krungthep Thurakit is the dominant player, contributing for 85per cent of the maket share, while Puchadkarn and Post Today are taken for the other 15 per cen. For the English Daily papers, Bangkok Post and the Nation are the two players, taking about 55 per cent and 45 per cent of the market share respectively. Still, there are political influences in the newspaper business. The government has ability to influence the news contents or to make adjustments that created the desirable situations for them. The politicians can directly give bribery or they can give something not in the form of money but in kind of gifts or other kind of influences. For example, according to Who Owns the Asian Media: Thailand Media Report By Ubonrat Siriyuvasak, during Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatras second term in 2005, the Bangkok Posts front-page report on an alleged crack on the runway of the new Suvarnabhumi airport. The time of the report was the time when the government was under the investigation by the Opposition Party about the corruption of the constructing of the new airport. After the published of this report, the news editor, Chadin Thepwan was forced to resign by the Bangkok Post. This case showed that even though the government was not directly managed the newspaper or the news contents; it could do something to influence the business to be according to its way. For the most-consumed media in Thailand, the television, 86 per cent of the Thai population watching TV on a daily basis. Previously, there are six television stations in Thailand which broadcast freely on air and nation-wide. Three of the channels: Channels 5, 9, and 11, were operated by State operators, while the other three: Channels 3, 7 and iTV are operated by private concessionaires. iTV or Independent Television, was launched in 1996 as the first television station that was not owned by the State. It seemed to provide independent and critical programs for the people as well as act as a voice of democracy. However, iTV is becoming more and more profit-oriented and after the economic crisis in 1997, the company faced massive debts and finally, Shin Corporation of Thaksin Shinawatra took over iTV in 2000 before the Thai Rak Thai Party won the election in January 2001. Since the Thai Rak Thai and Thaksins Shin Corporation were related, during the election campaign, the news agenda and the contents were controlled by the new executive team. Journalists who went against such interference were fired. As a result, the pro-Thai Rak Thai news campaign was one factor that led the party to win in the election. A survey by the ABAC poll showed that television news coverage was overwhelmingly biased towards Thaksin and his Thai Rak Thai government However, iTV, who was not able to pay back high debts after the crisis, was forced to stop broadcasting, now has continued broadcasting again under the Thai PBS name. Moreover, Channel 9 has been changed to MODERN 9 under the Mass Communication Organization of Thailand (MCOT) regulation; Channel 11 to NBT and are under the Public Relations Department. Since media are the powerful sources of information, many sectors, including both the private and the government, are trying to gain control of the media in order to manage the information sent to the public. Because the media has the ability to influence people as well as government, the government who depends on media by using media to get into the people, is the one who wish to take control, as we have seen in the previous examples. Every day, the media reports political news, telling the current government movements and government actions that show people how the government is working to help develop the country and solve the problems. The credibility and the image of the government are then depended on the information and the pictures that the media send out to the people. The government, therefore, wants to limit the information and take control of the media so that only the good things are presented to the public. As a result, many media are under the government intervention. From the measurement of transparency international; the global coalition against corruption website, it shows that the corruption perceptions index (CPI) of Thailand, according to the survey in 2009, is about 3.4 and is ranked on 84th from 180 countries around the world. Since the government intervention in media is associated with the corruption, Thailand who claims to be governed by democracy may not be able to say we are governed by complete democracy. Thailand has been involved with the problem of corruption for long time ago, in the past people may not know terminology and its importance since the corruption might be embedded with Thai culture so that people get used to it or it was known in other names. The problem of corruption also relates to the administrative system of the country. From Sukhothaià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢the first era of Thailandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢up to the present, Thailand has been ruling by various forms of administrative systems depending on the influences or situations at the time so that the forms of administrative system are different in each era. We would like to talk about the administrative system in each era in order to make them as the basis for explaining corruption and how it came from. In Sukhothai era, the beginning era of Thailand, the administrative system was in the form of Father-Son or Paternalistic. King played a role as father while public played role as his children or family ruled in hierarchical pattern. It created good relationship among parties. After Sukhothai era exhausted its power, Ayutthaya era was replaced. The administrative was changed from Paternalistic to the Divine Rights system. This system was distinguishingly characterized as states come into existence by Gods will, God chooses the rulers of the states, and the rulers are responsible only to God. Divine Rights system was derived from Hindu influence, this system is unlike Father-Son system as it separated the rulers and public leading to different classes and privileges; the public were under the control of the rulers. This form of administration gave King the absolute power causing the distance between King and public. After very long period of powerful, Ayutthaya era was eventually fall. Thonburi era had been replaced, since King Taksin aimed to collect power to build the new kingdom, the administrative system was not different from Ayutthaya era. After Thonburi era, the current era, Rattanakosin era, has flourished instead. For Rattanakosin era, we would like to divide the era into early and lately Rattanakosin because in the period of King Rama V, there was dramatically change in Thailands administrative system; the abolishment of slavery, the education support, and the idea of reformation in administrative system to democracy. However, the idea of reformation to democracy was not shown up in the period of King Rama V, the idea has been established in Thailand and public began to participate in the administration. So,the administrative system in the early Rattanakosin before period of King Rama V still be the same as in Ayutthaya era. In the lately Rattanakosin era and after King Rama VII period, Thailand is governed by democracy up to the present. The Constitution of Thailand have been giving the freedom of expression to individual and the press since Thais ruling system was changed from absolute monarchy to democracy for almost 78 years, however, there have always been criticisms about the degree of freedom of expression of Individual and the press in Thai society since it came to associate with the government. The media still has freedom, but now its freedom is decreasing as the government tries to put its hands in. The objective of this study is to combine theoretical, empirical and other evidences in order to understand the relationships and their interactions among the media, the government and the public in Thailand. Understanding all these things will explain how media affect the transparency and the accountability of the Thai government. The role that the government plays in the media and the role that the media plays in the government are being interested increasingly by the society in these recent days. Therefore, as part of the Thai society, we would like to focus on performance of the media and government, particularly the effects from media on government accountability and transparency occurred within Thailand. When government tries to control media, this can be considered as corruption, so, the corruption problems will be highlighted as they play role in indicating the transparency of the government. As corruption can be categorized into private-to-private corruption and public corruption, our concentration will be only on public corruption; according to the Legal Information Institute of Cornell University Law School, public corruption is defined as a government official, whether elected, appointed or hired, may violate federal law when he/she asks, demands, solicits, accepts, or agrees to receive anything of value in return for being influenced in the performance of their official duties, and the further use of word corruption refers to this. Corruption can be one indicator to point out government transparency and accountability as well as a degree of democracy. The study will include; the corruption in election since the incumbents intervene on the media in order to present themselves i n a positive ways, the intervention of the government on media in sense of taking ownership and capturing the media such as television and newspaper. We will mainly focus on television and newspaper as the representatives of all kinds of media. Looking at the ownership of the television station and the newspaper outlet, these can point out the degree of government intervention and media capture since media have influence on government. Still, our study has some comparisons in some particular parts with other countries in order to make our analysis more clearly. Literature Review Matias Warsta (2004) described the overall frameworks about corruption problem in Thailand, as well as the suggestions for solving the problems. This empirical literature argues that the problem of corruption has been in Thailand for a long time and also deeply rooted as a part of Thai culture. The corruption problem has a great impact on the economic growth of a country. Warsta (2004) pointed out the relationships among government, media, and public in the corruption problem. Government tries to use its power to control media to get its desirable outcome since media has ability to communicate as well as to influence the public which can affect their perceptions about the credibility and the image of government. There are many reasons for corruption shown in this literature. Corruption Perception Index (CPI) is referred as the measurement of perception of corruption ranked form 0 to 10 where 0 means a country seems totally corrupt and 10 means no corruption. As CPI 2009 shown, Thaila nd entitled to 84th rank on the list of 180 countries which is interpreted as equitably high. Free media is one of the characteristic of democracy which plays a significant role as the watchdog to ensure that things are performed in the democratic way. However, government and politicians tend to increasingly get into the media by buying shares of the media or granting the money to media. Thailand attempts to reduce the problem of corruption by using various methods, but this literature gave the suggestion that in the long run Thailands key to success to reduce this problem is to reduce the huge gap between the rich and the poor as this gap is the top of the corruption problem in Thailand. Besley and Prat (2005) developed a baseline model suggesting that there is a possibility for the government to capture media and therefore influence political outcomes. The model states that the media plays role in providing information for the voters in the time election. The voters use the available information to make their voting decision. Besley and Prat (2005) show the relationship between media and political activities through the baseline model, which is a pure adverse selection model where the policy outcome is depended on the politicians type; whether the politician is good, giving benefit to the voters, or bad, giving no benefit to the voters. The model is set up as a game, having two components, a bargaining game and an election game. The bargaining game between the media and the politician determines whether the media is an effective information provider or not, since the politicians have abilities to hide bad news by make an offer to the media outlets. Those who accept the offers suppress the signal about the bad politicians. When the media receives a transfer in exchange for silence, the media is captured. On the other hand, the media is independent. The model and its extensions give number of predictions on the relationship between features of the media industry, media capture as well as political outcomes. John Zaller (1999) analyzes that the outcome of the media politics come from the goal-oriented and strategic behaviors. Zallers basic theoretical posture is that politicians, journalists, and citizens behave in ways that generally reflect individual goals and interests that in pursuing their various goals. He emphasizes the role of journalists, which the journalists have their own roles in acting as a voice of the politicians to communicate with voters. However, they can choose what to report. The journalists can add or reduce something before reporting in the news. The politicians also want the space about themselves in a good way in the news as well. This then create conflict between politicians and journalists for the control of the news. They are struggling to control news content within constraints set by the mass audience. ARTICLE 19 (2005) described the background of Thailand in many aspects, the history of media in Thailand, the media situation. All these provide good fundamental understanding about the media in Thailand. The empirical literature suggested that for the media to protect their freedom of expression, it is necessary that the media should be permitted to operate independently without the control from the government. This necessity should be held when the media claimed to have freedom of expression to ensure that the media play role as the watchdog and also serve the public interests. This literature argued that, for people, to understand the media in Thailand, they have to go far beyond the understanding of their function as the communicator among participants in the society, they have to bear in mind that the media are the business associations who seek for the profits from their self-interest. The literature has categorized the media ownership into the state-owned media and the private media. There are statistical shown that television and radio are the most accessible media among Thai public. Freedom of expression is also supported by Ubonrat Siriyuvasak (2006). The empirical analysis criticizes the lack of freedom in the media business in the recent year. Ubonrat provides the statistical data about the ownerships of the media, including the state and private ownerships of the radio and television stations, as well as the ownership of the newspaper. This literature criticizes the aim to control the media by the government, especially in the time of Thaksin and his Thai Rak Thai government. Since during the Thaksin government, there were many changed took place including the change in media business, the paper then gives evidences of how the media outlet, especially, the newspaper and the television, were influenced by the government power. The question of who really own the media was emphasized by the author. Chapter 3 Analysis Since Thailand is governed under the democratic system, with democracy, it allows the equality, rights, and freedom to people in the society; people can enjoy all these things as long as they do not violate the others in the society. The provision of rights and freedom are in many aspects; freedom of expression is one of those aspects that relates to our paper. People in the democratic society can freely express what they think. In some societies, an opposing and unfriendliness relationship between media and government represents a vital and healthy element of fully functioning democratic system. However, the media and government depend on each others. Sometimes the media overlaps other functional areas of democracy and governance. Since the government nowadays can do some media managements or even can capture the media, the goal of media development should be to move the media from one that is directed or even controlled by government or private interests, to one that is more open and has a degree of editorial independence that serves the public interest. Many different kinds of mass media can create transparency. But the dominant medium of political communication and hence the dominant medium of political transparency is television. When we use television to understand politics, we see things in the way that television allows us to see. Television can create new forms of political reality that exist because they are seen on television. Television tends to emphasise entertainment value. People tend to interest in the entertaining things. The more entertaining news is more likely to survive in the broadcast world. Therefore, most television programs, public events, politics, and even law, are made to grab the attention of the viewers by entertaining them. They will launch the programs and present the news in the way that they think can catch the viewers. In the political news, television coverage of politics tends to focus less on substantive policy issues than on the other interesting news such as the inside stories about strategy and achieving political advantage. People tend to be interested on the issue of who the winner is and how they achieve their victory. These kinds of news tend to dominate in the television. Since the media, especially the television can portray the political issues in the ways it preferred, this affect the politicians as well as the government. Politicians and government understand that media become an important tool to influence the people and to retain their power. They therefore want to make sure that those things on the television are beneficial for their image and for the political situation. There are number of ways that the politicians and the government can influence the political contents in the media. Being part of the media can made it easier for them to influence the political contents. The ownership of the media, especially the television stations, is often under the state ownership. The state ownership of the media increases the likelihood that the media are being captured. Media ownerships are ranged from the private ownership to the state ownership. In theory, media ownership can be categorized into 2 groups: State-owned media, which often view information as a public commodity to be protected against a private sector monopoly in the public interest; and Private media, which, although they may distort information under the influence of political parties or commercial pressures, are at least not government controlled. There are laws and regulations that established to support for the independent of the media. The new Broadcast Act requires that all radio and TV stations be subject to license. Thai television channels remain under the tight control of various government agencies. Table 1: Owners and operators of Thai Television channels TV channel Owner Operator Channel 3 MCOT Bangkok Entertainment Co. Ltd. Channel 5 Royal Thai Army Royal Thai Army Channel 7 Royal Thai Army Bangkok Broadcasting Television Company (BBTV) Modernine TV (MCOT) MCOT MCOT National Broadcasting Services of Thailand (NBT) Governments Public Relations Department (PRD) Governments Public Relations Department (PRD) Thai Public Broadcast Station or TPBS (TPBS) Governments Public Relations Department (PRD) Private Channel 3 is owned by MCOT a former state enterprise under the ownership of government and the Royal Thai Army. It is operated by Bangkok Entertainment Co. Ltd. a subsidiary company of BEC World Public Co. Ltd., under contract. Channel 5 is both owned and operated by the Royal Thai Army. Channel 7 is owned by the Royal Thai Army and operated by the Bangkok Broadcasting Television Company (BBTV) under contract. Modernine TV or MCOT is both owned and operated by MCOT. National Broadcasting Services of Thailand (NBT) owned and operated by the governments Public Relations Department (PRD) of the Prime Ministers Office, and TPBS, previously iTV, is now a privately run independent TV station. TPBS is free from government control or influence, with its budget financed by sin tax. It is less likely to get any intervention from politicians or state power. According to table 1 showing the owners and operators of Thai television channels, the broadcast media are entirely owned by the state. However, the state has the ability to give concessions to the private operators in a limited number. The concessions were often given on a privileged patronage relationship. Those who had political powers or have connections with the concessionaries would have the priority to get the concessions which are given either in the short-term or in the long-term. As a result of the limited concessions, the state and a small number of media corporations have monopolized the channel on the rights and freedom of information and communication, for which ideas and culture are distributed. Moreover, since the state owns most of the countrys television stations, no broadcasting about corruption are not unusual. Not only the television can be bribed or influenced, the newspaper can be in the same situation as well. For the newspaper industry in Thailand, they are strongly owned by a single family or small groups of investors who share familial relationship, or a publishing group. Even they are privately owned, not being captured because of the state ownership, they can still be influenced as well. Table 2: Owner of Thai Newspapers Newspaper Owner Thai Rath Vacharaphol Family Daily News Hetrakul Family Khao Sod Matichon Pcl, a publishing group Kom Chad Luek Nation Multimedia Group Krungthep Turakij Nation Multimedia Group Post Today Post Publishing Pcl Phoojadkarn Daily Manager Media Group. Bangkok Post Chirathivat family, the South China Morning Post of Hong Kong, GMM Grammy Pcl. The Nation- Nation Multimedia Group Each newspaper has its own political stance, and they serve different group of readers. However, even the newspapers in Thailand are privately owned, they can still be under the political pressure as well. Being under the pressure, newspapers then have the ability to present the news contents in which bias toward government or against the government, depending on who pressure them. In addition to the direct political pressure, if the owner of the newspaper is interested in which side or political groups, he is more likely to accept the bribery. The side they take depends heavily on sponsorship by and private relationships developed between the newspaper and influential individuals or groups. Bribery can be in form of money and non-money, even though, the owner does not get money in order to support that side, he is still willing to receive the bribe in form of the special privilege or some kind of protections.. If the government or the politicians want the news to present information that is desirable for them, they can choose to pressure or bribe them. We can see that there is still a chance for the politicians or the government to influence the news. Most of media in Thailand are subjected to the influence of either government or groups of people. For the television, most of the channels belong to the state, indicating the lack of freedom of expression and the ability to influence outcome. For newspaper, the influence comes in form of bribery rather taking ownership. The state will get into the media, trying to manage their working process. It can arrange the information received and released by the media in order to control the information to be in its desirable outcome. With this action of state, the information is distorted, some truths are not revealed. The benefits of the distortion or the concealment will fall into hands of a group of people, not the whole. Thus, the intervention of state on the media is not desirable outcome for the society as a whole and it is inefficiency. Therefore, this is the way that can lead to the corruption problem. Corruption problem is one of the major issues in Thailand which tends to be more important through time. This does not mean that in the past Thailand had no corruption. Actually, the problem of corruption has been rooted in Thailand for ages but it may not be concerned or realized much as in the present. The possible reason is that the administrative system in the past gave absolute power to the king, the gap between king and public was quite large and classes in the society were existed. Moreover, people had no ability to make decisions in all kind of things, in other words, they had no rights and freedom in their own life. Since the administrative system of Thailand has changed to democracy and the country has developed, things have been improved especially the communication that tends to be more advanced. Because of rights and freedom people are allowed to enjoy especially the freedom in expressing opinion, so what people perform will have more opportunity to be revealed to public for them to realize unlike in the past that there was no freedom, thats why things were kept as with those who were relevant while the public could not know the truth at that time. Corruption problem that has been in Thailand for a long time starts to be recognized and people also start to realize that it is bad thing since it is extremely destroying the pattern of interaction for the society as a whole, it also creates the distortion and inefficiency in economic development, so the country cannot develop to its highest or even expected position with this constraint. Furthermore, corruption in Thailand may come from many possible reasons including low salaries of public servants, low education of people, big financial gaps between social classes, lacking transparency of governance, unstable political situation, lack of democracy, lack of freedom of word, heavy bureaucracy, and centralized power. However, in this paper, we will scope the reasons to the lack of transparency of governance, the lack of democracy, and the lack of democracy. In democratic society, people can participate in governing the country by electing the representatives to work and serve their interests. People can choose their representatives through election holding the principle of majority voting, in other words, those who get the highest voting will be the representatives. However, we can see that Thailand does not govern by complete democracy; Thailand is governed by semi-democracy, the possible reasons may come from many aspects such as culture that make the country cannot be governed by complete democracy. However, we are not able to judge whether complete democracy is suitable for Thailand because the country may have constraints or facts that the complete democracy cannot be used. Furthermore, the corruption problem can have great impact on transparency and accountability of the government as well as the image of the country. One of measure of transparency and accountability of government can be shown by election. Media provide information to public which influence their decision making in voting. Politicians may present themselves by using media since media can reach the majority of people. Moreover, as politicians desire to win the election, positive image is necessary, so they need desirable information to be sent out to public. The possible way to reach the target is bribery. As Thailand is governed by democracy system, the right in freedom of expression is provided to both public as well as the media. Thus, the interventions from government and politicians in the media companies contradict to their providing right. Moreover, such interv